Charged torus-like black holes as heat engines

Abstract We investigate the thermodynamical properties of charged torus-like black holes and take it as working substance to study heat engines. In extended phase space, by interpreting cosmological constant thermodynamic pressure, we derive quantities first law hole thermodynamics obtain equation state. Then, calculate efficiency engine in Carnot cycle well rectangular cycle, how changes with respect volume. addition, avoid a negative temperature, emphasize that charge this cannot be arbitrary. Last, check calculation accuracy benchmark scheme discuss upper bound lower for scheme.